大白和长白猪大样本群体的繁殖性状遗传参数估计及影响因素分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.11.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在解析不同因素对大白和长白猪大样本群体繁殖性能的影响。同时估计大白和长白猪繁殖性状的遗传参数。本试验选取温氏2013-2018年5年间大白共65 546窝母猪繁殖记录、长白共9 552窝母猪繁殖记录进行研究。采用SAS软件GLM过程对母猪8个繁殖性状进行分析，解析母猪分娩胎次、出生胎次和情期3个因素对其繁殖性能的影响。同时利用DMU软件估计这些性状的遗传力、遗传相关和表型相关。结果表明：1）在影响因素分析中：在两个品种中，母猪分娩胎次对所有繁殖性状都有极显著影响（P<0.001）；在大白猪中，母猪出生胎次对5个繁殖性状影响显著（P<0.05），情期对所有繁殖性状影响均不显著；而在长白猪中，母猪出生胎次对弱仔数和出生窝重有显著影响（P<0.05），情期对5个繁殖性状影响显著（P<0.05）。2）在遗传参数估计中：在大白猪中，出生窝重遗传力最高，为0.281，总仔数、活仔数、健仔数、弱仔数和死胎数的遗传力在0.117~0.179范围内；而在长白猪中，总仔数遗传力最高，为0.190，活仔数、健仔数、弱仔数和出生窝重的遗传力在0.100~0.176范围内；在遗传相关和表型相关上，大白猪的总仔数与活仔数、总仔数与健仔数、活仔数与健仔数、健仔数与出生窝重等遗传相关均在0.738以上，其表型相关在0.717以上，长白猪的总仔数与活仔数、总仔数与健仔数、活仔数与健仔数的遗传相关在0.895以上，表型相关在0.791以上。本研究结果为提高母猪的繁殖性能和加速繁殖性状的遗传进展提供了试验数据和理论基础。

Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of different factors on the reproductive performance of large populations of Large White and Landrace pigs. At the same time, the genetic parameters of reproductive traits of Large White and Landrace pigs were estimated. The breeding records of 65 546 litters of Large White sows and the breeding records of 9 552 litters of Landrace sows in Wen's from 2013 to 2018 were selected. The SAS software GLM process was used to analyze 8 reproductive traits, and analyze the effects of 3 factors, including the parity, the birth parity and the estrus condition on reproductive performance. At the same time, DMU software was used to estimate the heritability of these traits, genetic correlation and phenotype correlation. The results showed that:1) In the analysis of influencing factors:In the two breeds, the sow delivery parity had a significant effect on all reproductive traits (P<0.001); In Large White pig, the birth parity of sow had significant effect on the 5 reproductive traits(P<0.05), and the effects of estrus on all reproductive traits were not significant; In Landrace pig, the birth parity of sows had significant effect on the number of weak litters and the weight of litter(P<0.05), the estrus factor had significant effects on the 5 reproductive traits(P<0.05). 2) In the estimation of genetic parameters:In Large White pig, the heritability of the weight of litter was the highest, which was 0.281, the heritability of the total number of litters, the number of born alive, the number of healthy birth, the number of weak litters and the number of stillbirths were in the range of 0.117-0.179; In Landrace pig, the heritability of the total number of litters was the highest, which was 0.190, the heritability of the number of born alive, the number of healthy birth, the number of weak litters and the weight of the litter were in the range of 0.100-0.176; In Large White pig, the genetic correlation coefficients between the total number of litters and the number of born alive, the total number of litters and the number of healthy birth, the number of born alive and the number of healthy birth, the number of healthy birth and the weight of the litter were all above 0.738, the phenotype correlation coefficients were above 0.717; In Landrace pig, the genetic correlation coefficients between total number of litters and the number of born alive, the total number of litters and the number of healthy birth, the number of born alive and the number of healthy birth were higher than 0.895, the phenotype correlation coefficients were higher than 0.791. The results of this study provide experimental data and theoretical basis for improving the reproductive performance of sows and accelerating the genetic progress of reproductive traits.

中图分类号:

S828.2

姚天雄, 陈冬, 吴珍芳, 肖石军, 张志燕, 杨明. 大白和长白猪大样本群体的繁殖性状遗传参数估计及影响因素分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(11): 2195-2207.

YAO Tianxiong, CHEN Dong, WU Zhenfang, XIAO Shijun, ZHANG Zhiyan, YANG Ming. Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Reproduction Traits and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors in Large Sample Populations of Large White and Landrace Pigs[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2019, 50(11): 2195-2207.

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